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an advancedpractice nurse

Posted on 2008-Dec-23 at 11:10 - 0 Comments - Post Comment - Link

Rep. Gene Shelby, D-Hot Springs, said that in his experience as an emergency room physician, advanced practice nurses and physicians work well together.

"The nurses I've worked with value their collaborative agreements, and the physicians value what the nurses do," Shelby said. "To me it makes sense to maintain that."

Tom Lowman, an advancedpractice nurse in Jacksonville, has been in collaborative agreements with physicians for 16 years. He said he discusses patients with his collaborating physicians daily, values their opinion and relies on them to step in when patients request Schedule II drugs, such as Oxycodone or methadone, that have a high potential for abuse. State law doesn't allow advancedpractice nurses to prescribe Schedule II drugs.

Getting rid of the collaborative agreements would be a bad idea, Lowman said. He worked most of his career as a family nurse practitioner at a clinic in Monroe County.

"I was out in rural Arkansas for 15 years and faced everything from birth to death, and I just knew my limits," Lowman said.

"We have not been to medical school, we are not physicians, and we need them to back us up."

POOR HEALTH RATINGS

The legislative report also looked at overall health rankings and such health indicators as heart disease, teen birth rates, and low birth-weight babies.

Arkansas routinely does poorly on national health rankings. The state was 43rd in America's Health Rankings released Dec. 3 by the United Health Foundation, a private, nonprofit health advocacy group based in Minnetonka, Minn.

It was the first time in seven years that Arkansas had risen out of the nation's bottom five states in the rankings.

When compared with the 12 states and Washington, D.C., Arkansas has some of the highest rates of teen birth, low birthweight babies, infant mortality and heart disease deaths.

For example, nearly 250 Arkansans per 100,000 population died from heart disease in 2005, compared with a national average of 211 per 100,000 population.

Nell Smith, research analyst with the Bureau of Legislative Research, said the report isn't intended to link a state's health status to its rules regarding collaborative agreements. It's merely intended to show how different states are faring.

It highlights a large need for more health care in Arkansas. Of the state's 75 counties, 59 counties and portions of 14 other counties are designated as medically underserved. Arkansas has 82 primary-care physicians per 100,000 population, compared with a national average of 99 per 100,000.

Prater, the state legislator from Jacksonville, said better access to health care would mean better health for Arkansans. As well as working in underserved areas, advanced-practice nurses can provide care at lower cost, because it costs more to see a physician, she said.

"I just think with the fact that we're lacking and that we're [low in health rankings] here, we need to look at all avenues," Prater said.

Arkansas has a low rate of disciplinary actions, malpractice payments or other adverse actions against advanced practice nurses, she said. Since 1995, the state nursing board has taken just 17 adverse actions against advanced-practice nurses.

Wroten, with the Arkansas Medical Society, said nothing stops advanced-practice nurses from going into rural areas now. Like physicians and other health-care professionals, they tend to concentrate in urban areas.

"There is no evidence that removing the collaborative agreement will change that," Wroten said. "The answer to access is we need more doctors, we need more nurses, and we need more incentives to get them to go to the rural areas."

SEARCHING FOR CONSENSUS

In a separate but related issue, the Arkansas State Medical Board and the Arkansas State Board of Nursing are working to agree on what's required of physicians and nurses in collaborative agreements.

Last spring the medical board began discussing developing rules to outline responsibilities of physicians in collaborative agreements.

Some requirements in the medical board's Regulation 30 are: that a collaborating physician have an active practice in Arkansas; that the physician and nurse be easily able to contact one another; that the nurse and physician have comparable practices in both scope and specialty; and that the physician ensure each patient gets written notification of the collaborating physician's contact information.

Both boards have debated the rules at meetings over the past several months.

Medical board members say the rule is needed to give physicians guidance as to their responsibilities in collaborative agreements.

But nursing board members say state law places the burden of collaborative agreements on the advanced-practice nurse, and the harder you make it for physicians, the harder it will be to find physicians willing to collaborate.

Shelby said he thinks both parties made progress at a joint meeting of the medical and nursing boards Oct. 8.

"I thought they made some pretty good progress on finding common ground," he said.

The medical board has already approved its Regulation 30, but the rule won't be implemented until it's approved by the Legislature, Shelby said. Legislators would like the medical and nursing boards to come to some agreement first, he said.

Rep. Clark Hall, D-Marvell, said legislators have heard hours of debate from both sides of the issue. He would like to see them reach an agreement. Too many people are suffering from lack of proper access to health care, he said.

"It's frustrating that we're in an underserved area and we have these people fighting amongst themselves," Hall said.

Shelby said he hopes the two parties can reach consensus.

"I don't really feel like the Legislature is the best way to resolve these issues, but ultimately we might have to," he said.

 

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the collaborative agreements

Posted on 2008-Dec-23 at 11:07 - 0 Comments - Post Comment - Link

Physician groups disagree. They say the collaborative agreements provide vital protections for patients. Doctors have more training and more expertise, and advanced-practice nurses shouldn't be allowed to operate without their collaboration, said David Wroten, executive vice president of the Arkansas Medical Society.

Doctors have at least four years of college, four years of medical school and three years of residency training. An advanced-practice nurse has at least a master's degree.

"They don't have the training and the background that physicians have," Wroten said. "This would put [advanced practice nurses] into the state with no one looking over their shoulder.

"It's a benefit to the nurses to have that supervision, and it's a safety valve to the public."

Whether to remove the collaborative-agreement requirement is expected to be debated by legislators during the forthcoming session, which starts next month. The rule's been in place since 1995. Arkansas has 1,451 advanced-practice nurses. Of those, 874 are allowed to prescribe medication.

A 50-page legislative report released Thursday examines rules, overall health and select health statistics in the 12 states and Washington, D.C., that don't require such agreements.

Five states, including Montana and Oregon, never required collaborative agreements. The remaining seven states repealed collaborative agreement requirements, starting with Alaska in 1984, according to the report.

At least three other states - Vermont, Nebraska and New York - are considering or have recently considered changing their rules.

Prater, a registered nurse who leaves office at the end of the month because of term limits, said she hopes the report will pave the way for further discussion. She presented the report Thursday to a joint meeting of the Senate and House committees on Public Health, Welfare and Labor.

"I just want to make sure we're looking at it in an openminded way," Prater said. "I think there are different things happening nationwide, and I think we should always look at what other states are doing."

Faith Fields, executive director of the Arkansas State Board of Nursing, said the report is a helpful tool in considering the issues.

"It's a beginning to look at what areas we need to look at in terms of removing barriers to health care," Fields said.

Linda McIntosh, an advancedpractice nurse and co-chairman of the Arkansas Nurses Association Health Policy Council, said she and two other advancedpractice nurses opened a family-practice clinic in Des Arc in Prairie County in 2005.

Healthcare Plus, now part of St. Vincent Health System, provides health care in an underserved area of the state, stays open extended hours six days a week and has staff on call 24-hours a day for patients, she said.

More than half of the clinic's patients are uninsured or on Medicare or Medicaid.

"It's made a difference in thousands of people's lives," she said.

But opening the clinic wasn't easy, McIntosh told legislators Thursday. She and her partners spoke to several physicians before finding one willing to sign a collaborative agreement. Getting all the necessary financing and approvals to open the clinic took more than a year.

McIntosh said she feared the clinic would close if they lost their collaborating physician.

More nurses would open clinics if the rule were eliminated, and that would mean greater access to health care, McIntosh said. She estimated there are fewer than 10 primary care clinics run by advanced-practice nurses in the state.

 

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Posted on 2008-Oct-10 at 02:24 - 0 Comments - Post Comment - Link

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